The ronin may choose to align with any of the factions, play them against each other for their own ends, try to help the villagers caught in the middle, or simply go about their days without taking sides. “It’s like looking at a snapshot of a horse galloping, and you infer that it’s moving,” he said.įollow Carrie Arnold on Twitter and Google+.There was also a Gaiden Game released for the PS2 in 2005, Samurai Western, which was a more action-centered game that amounted to Way of the Samurai IN THE WILD WEST!Įach game follows the same basic plot: a wandering ronin arrives in a village that is in the middle of a vicious conflict between various factions. Although Shahar found circumstantial evidence of bone remodeling, Bouillon pointed out that the researchers weren’t able to document the process in action. The new study is “very original,” said Roger Bouillon, a retired professor of endocrinology at the University of Leuven in Belgium, who has studied bone remodeling. The rostral bone of billfish was very stiff (comparable in strength with horse bones) and required a significant amount of force to break. Shahar wanted to see whether these differences affected the bone’s strength. The distinctive marks left by the bone remodeling process in billfish, however, were one-tenth the size of those typically seen in mammal bone. I didn’t think it was possible,” Shahar said. To be sure, Shahar used several different kinds of microscope to study the bone, and all revealed signs of remodeling, despite the billfish not having the usual types of bone-repairing cells. He looked at several other samples, and all showed the same thing. The bone showed distinct signs of remodeling. “No one said a thing, but it was probably a very long 12 hours of travel,” Shahar said.Īs soon as Shahar placed his first sample of billfish rostral bone under the microscope, he saw something unusual. Shahar convinced her to collaborate, so she traveled from Florida to Spain and on to Israel, all while lugging a suitcase full of billfish bones through some of the world’s strictest airport security. student at the University of South Florida, in Tampa, routinely attended fishing competitions to obtain any castoffs for study. To study billfish bone, Shahar needed samples-no easy task considering that many species of billfish are protected. WATCH: Tagging a Fish With a Sword for a Face Stiff Upper Lip If the swordfish can’t repair its sword, wondered Ron Shahar, a biologist at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, how does it remain strong enough to help the fish catch its dinner? Swordfish, however, don’t have either of these cell types in their bone. This process, known as remodeling, leaves telltale marks within the bone that biologists can detect. In mammals, this requires two different types of bone cells: one to break down and absorb damaged bone and another to add new, healthy cells. A swordfish’s “sword” is its most prominent feature, but scientists have only now discovered the unusual properties that keep the sword strong and ready to slash.Ī study published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reveals that the fish have an unusual way to repair their bone, keeping it strong and stiff.īillfish like marlin and swordfish are known for their characteristic protruding upper jawbone (also called a rostral bone), which they use to help stun and catch their prey.įor the bone to remain strong, it needs to not only withstand a large amount of force, but also be repaired when it is damaged.
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